Salmon
LOCATIONS
BODIES OF WATER
Salmon, prized for their strength and delicious flavor, can be found in select bodies of water across the Southwest region of the United States. Anglers venture to these waters in search of salmon, attracted by the challenge and the opportunity to reel in these remarkable fish. Here are some notable bodies of water in this region where salmon can be targeted:
ARIZONA:
While Arizona is not known for its salmon fishing, anglers can find opportunities to catch kokanee salmon in certain lakes. Woods Canyon Lake and Willow Springs Lake, located in the Mogollon Rim region, are known to have populations of kokanee salmon. Trolling with small spoons or spinners can be effective in targeting these fish.
CALIFORNIA: California offers diverse salmon fishing opportunities along its coastal regions. The Sacramento River and its tributaries, such as the Feather River and American River, are popular destinations for both Chinook and coho salmon. The Klamath River and Smith River in Northern California also provide excellent salmon fishing. Anglers often target salmon using various techniques, including trolling, drifting, and casting with lures or bait.
NEVADA: Nevada does not have direct access to the ocean, so salmon fishing opportunities are limited. However, anglers can visit the Colorado River, particularly the stretch between Lake Mohave and Lake Mead, where salmon species such as kokanee salmon are occasionally stocked. Trolling with lures or bait can be effective in enticing these fish.
NEW MEXICO: New Mexico is primarily a landlocked state, and salmon fishing opportunities are limited. However, anglers can visit the San Juan River below Navajo Dam, which receives occasional stockings of landlocked kokanee salmon. Fly fishing with nymphs or streamers can be productive in targeting these fish.
STRUCTURE/HABITAT
Salmon prefer large, deep rivers and lakes with cool, oxygen-rich water. They are known to migrate between saltwater and freshwater environments for spawning. Look for salmon in areas with deep pools, submerged structures, and rocky outcrops. They often congregate near river mouths, tributaries, and areas with ample food sources. Pay attention to water temperature, flow, and the presence of baitfish to locate active feeding zones.
PATTERNS
Spring
During the spring months, adult salmon return from the ocean to their natal rivers to spawn. This period is known as the salmon run or the spawning run. Anglers can target salmon as they make their way upstream, providing exciting opportunities for both fly fishing and spinning gear.
Summer
In the summer, some salmon species may still be present in rivers, especially in cooler, deeper pools and areas with adequate flow. Fishing techniques such as fly fishing with streamers or casting with lures can be effective during this time.
Fall
Fall is a prime season for salmon fishing as the fish congregate in large numbers near river mouths and estuaries. They prepare to make their way upstream to spawn. Anglers can target salmon using various techniques, including trolling, drift fishing, and casting with lures or bait.
Winter
During the winter months, salmon are less active as they focus on spawning. However, in certain coastal regions, winter steelhead, which are migratory rainbow trout, can provide angling opportunities. Fishing with nymphs or swinging streamers can be effective during this time.
Bait
Natural Baits: Salmon are known to be attracted to natural baits such as cured salmon roe (eggs), sand shrimp, herring, and anchovies. These baits can be rigged using a variety of methods, including drift fishing, bottom bouncing, or under a float. The scent and presentation of these natural baits can entice salmon to bite.
Artificial Lures: Various artificial lures can mimic the appearance and movement of baitfish, enticing salmon to strike. Popular lures for salmon fishing include spoons, spinners, plugs, and soft plastic swimbaits. Different colors and sizes can be experimented with to match the preferences of the fish in different water conditions.
Flies: Fly fishing for salmon is a popular technique, especially during the salmon run in rivers. Large, brightly colored flies such as streamers and egg patterns are commonly used. Effective fly colors include combinations of pink, orange, chartreuse, and black. Be sure to match the size and color of the fly to the prevailing conditions and the specific salmon species present.
Cut Bait: Cut bait refers to sections of fish, such as herring or anchovies, that are cut into smaller pieces and used as bait. This method can be effective for enticing salmon, particularly in areas where baitfish are abundant and natural food sources are prevalent.
Trolling: Trolling involves trailing bait or lures behind a moving boat. This method allows anglers to cover a larger area and present their offerings at different depths. Trolling with flashers or dodgers and a trailing lure or bait can be effective for attracting salmon's attention and triggering strikes.